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| Weight Loss |
In this article we discussed the concept of physical activity and exercise as they relate to obesity in humans.
There is a fine balance between energy intake and energy expenditure
energy intake is in the form of food and energy expenditure is in the form of the basal metabolic rate and physical activity.
There is a fine balance between energy intake and energy expenditure
energy intake is in the form of food and energy expenditure is in the form of the basal metabolic rate and physical activity.
The
difference between energy intake and energy expenditure is the net
energy balance if intake exceeds expenditure then a net positive energy
balance occurs energy expenditure depends on a number of factors this
includes the starting body weight the basal metabolic rate and physical
activity with regard to physical activity there are several key
variables including the frequency intensity duration and type of
activity done let us examine energy consumption 1 honey glazed donut is
shown which has approximately 300 kilocalories the energy intake from
the consumed donut is equal to the energy consumed by moderate walking
for 30 to 60 minutes at 3 miles per hour if an individual walks for an
hour at 3 miles per hour they will expend approximately 300 kilocalories
the same as what was contained in the consumed donut if an individual
walks daily for one hour at approximately 3 miles per hour this type of
activity would lead to weight loss this assumes that the individual does
not consume any extra calories and has a net negative energy
expenditure if this continues for a period of two to four months body
weight is reduced as depicted the initial weight loss is the result of a
negative net energy balance the negative energy balance is because
energy expenditure exceeds energy intake after the initial weight loss
the individual continues to do the same type of exercise that is one
hour of moderate walking daily the chart depicts changes in body weight
over time individuals are often frustrated and surprised that the weight
is not continuing to decrease despite regular walking they have reached
a plateau the reason behind the weight loss plateau is that with
decreased body weight the basal metabolic rate also decreases when the
basal metabolic rate decreases there is a decrease in total energy
expenditure if the discouraged individual quits their daily walking
exercise the weight is gained again at a quicker pace the weight is
regained as a result of a positive energy balance being created energy
expenditure is now less since the physical activity has been stopped by
keeping the same intensity and duration of walking without making any
changes in the diet energy intake the individual would enter a weight
maintenance phase this is characterized by gaining a small amount of
weight the weight maintenance is the result of an energy balance being
established within the body where energy intake essentially equals
energy expenditure if there is no change in energy balance there will
not be any further change in weight what must be done to end the weight
loss plateau several options exist to maintain a negative net energy
balance these involve either decreasing energy intake or increasing
energy expenditure options include restricting calories further or
increasing the frequency or the intensity or the duration of the
exercise in summary then weight loss plateaus are
expected and can only end with continued exercise and a net negative energy balance stopping exercise or increasing calories will lead to weight gain if one continues to exercise to maintain a net negative energy balance weight loss will be promoted
expected and can only end with continued exercise and a net negative energy balance stopping exercise or increasing calories will lead to weight gain if one continues to exercise to maintain a net negative energy balance weight loss will be promoted
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